Exam Revision and Notes

Exam Revision and Notes

Revision Notes Unit test 1 IT based exam

Questions:

1. Four main segments in the TOV? What were this four areas?

• Germany had to accept for starting the war
• Germany had to pay 6.6 billion pound for the damage done during the war
• Germany was forbidden to have submarines and only a navy of 6 ships and an army of 100,000 men
• Germany lost territory in Europe

2. What is the biggest lost Germany had because of the ToV?

Germany lost 6.6 billion pound

3. When and Where was the TOV signed?

signed on 28 June 1919 in Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles, Paris, France.

4. What are  the condition of the TOV? (example financial how much did Germany have to pay for war. Military what were they limited to, what tanks and military stuff did they have?)

• Germany could only have 100,000 men
• only 6 battleships
• could not build submarines, planes, tanks
• could not keep troops in Rhineland
• allied troops would be stationed in Rhineland for 15 years
• Germany’s colonies were taken away and League of Nations was set up
• Germany lost land to Belgium, France, Denmark, Poland and the League of Nation
• Austria was forbidden to unite with Germany
• Germany should pay 6,6 billion pounds reparations in golds and goods - financial

5. Russia and Germany’s Kaiser had things in common, what are they?

• grandson of Queen Victoria
• their successor was because of Monarchy abolished
• both were emperor
• descendants of a royal family from Europe
• related to Grand Duchess Maria

6. How many months did it take for Germany to finally sign the ToV?

Although the armistice was signed on the 11th of November 1918, it took 6 months of negotiation at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the Peace treaty.

7. Who was the first president of the Weimar Republic?

Friedrich Edbert was the first president of the Weimar Republic, he was the President from 1919 to 1925.

→ small history about Friedrich Edbert

[Ebert was the son of a master tailor. He learned the saddler’s trade and traveled through Germany as a journeyman saddler. He soon became a Social Democrat and trade unionist, representing so-called revisionist—gradualist, liberal—“trade-union” socialism, without, however, displaying a deep interest in the ideological struggles of Marxism. His attention was always directed toward practical improvement in the living conditions of the German working class and, above all, its social and moral betterment.]

8. What does the Weimar Republic have a model on?

On Germany (?)

→ { Following the end of World War I, a German National Assembly gathered in the town of Weimar, in the state of Thuringia, in January 1919 to write a constitution for the Reich. The nation was to be a democratic federal republic, governed by a president and parliament.

The constitution was drafted by the lawyer and liberal politician Hugo Preuss, who was then state secretary in the Ministry of the Interior, and later became Minister of the Interior. Preuss criticized the Triple Entente decision to prohibit the incorporation of post-Austro-Hungarian-dissolution German Austria into the nascent German republic, saying it was a contradiction of the Wilsonian principle of self-determination of peoples.[1]

Disagreements arose between the delegates over issues such as the national flag, religious education for youth, and the rights of the provinces (Länder) that made up the Reich. These disagreements were resolved by August 1919, though sixty-seven delegates abstained from voting to adopt the Weimar Constitution.

The Republic's first President, Friedrich Ebert, signed the new German constitution into law on August 11, 1919. The constitution is named after Weimar although it was signed into law by Friedrich Ebert in Schwarzburg. This is due to the fact that Ebert was on holiday in Schwarzburg, while the parliament working out the constitution was gathered in Weimar.}

9. What did Germany do that the France such a mess?

Germany destroyed France’s infrastructure and industry.

10. Stock market crash. Black ____ (Friday) what year did it happen? Has it apply to the Weimar Republic? What is it?

• A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices across a significant cross-section of a stock market, resulting in a significant loss of paper wealth.
• It happen on the year 1929.
• Yes. Weimar was crashed by Wall Street Crash on October,
• Black Tuesday in the year 1929, october
• Black Monday in the year 1987

11. Describe the place where the TOV was signed

The Château de Versailles, is one of the most beautiful achievements of 18th-century French art. The site began as Louis XIII’s hunting lodge before his son Louis XIV transformed and expanded it, moving the court and government of France to Versailles in 1682. Each of the three French kings who lived there until the French Revolution added improvements to make it more beautiful.

The Hall of Mirrors, the King’s Grand Apartments, the Museum of the History of France. The Château de Versailles, the seat of power until 1789, has continued to unfurl its splendour over the course of centuries. At first it was just a humble hunting lodge built by Louis XIII. But Louis XIV chose the site to build the palace, the symbol of royal absolutism and embodiment of classical French art.

In the 1670s Louis XIV built the Grand Apartments of the King and Queen, whose most symbolic achievement is the Hall of Mirrors designed by Mansart, where the king put on his most showy displays of royal power in order to impress visitors. The Chapel and Opera were built in the next century under Louis XV.

The château lost its stand ing as the official seat of power in 1789 but acquired a new role in the 19th century as the Museum of the History of France, which was founded at the behest of Louis-Philippe, who ascended to the throne in 1830. That is when many of the château’s rooms were taken over to house the new collections, which were added to until the early 20th century, tracing milestones in French history.

12. When did the German finally signed the ToV? and where?  

Germany signed the TOV on the 28th June 1919 at the Versailles Palace , it was considered the most appropriate place simply because of its size- many hundreds of people are involved in the process and the final signing ceremony in the Hall of Mirrors could accommodate hundreds of dignitaries.

13. Germany’s economy rely on several things, what were they?

• iron and steel
• coal
• cement
• mineral fuels
• chemicals
• plastics
• production machinery
• vehicles
• trains
• machine tools
• electronics
• food and beverages
• shipbuilding
• space and aircraft
• optical and medical apparatus
• pharmaceuticals
• textiles
• agriculture

14. In what countries form the triple entente and triple alliances. Who were the big three?

Triple alliances- Germany , Austria-Hungary, Italy

Triple entente- Britain , France and Russia

Big Three - Woodrow Wilson (USA), David Lloyd George (Britain), George Clemenceau (France)

15. Why was it important to take away the overseas army of Germany.

So that Germany couldn’t attack and start another war again on other countries.

Revision Notes Unit test 2 paper based exam (HOTS test)

Student REVISION history 8 part 2 ict final ...

Revision Notes Unit test 2 It based Exam (LOTS test)

REVISION NOTES: PART 2 OF HISTORY 8 FINAL EXAM (SEMESTER 2)

1. Know what caused the world economic depression of the 1930s.

Because, the stock prices started to fall at around September 1929, it causes a lot of problems and lead to the stock market crash in October 1929

2. Know how many people were unemployed in Germany in 1932

Over 5-6 millions people

3. Know what the feelings were of the German people and the world toward the treatment of Germany in the Treaty of Versailles. LAGER

Germany hated the Treaty of Versailles because,

L - Land - Germany lost 13% of its land

A - Army - Germany’s army was reduced to a maximum of 100,000 soldiers

G - Guilt - Germany was forced to accept the War Guilt Clause

E - Empire - Germany lost its empire

R - Reparations - Germany had to pay the Allies £6.6 billion in reparations

The Germans felt humiliated by the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and wanted revenge.

4. Know what the political weaknesses were of the Weimar Republic.

The Weimar Republic was born in a time great upheaval and conflict. The proportional representation system of voting was intended to reduce political conflicts; resulting in many parties gaining seats in the Reichstag

It was made up of a succession of weak, short lived governments and most Germans got tired of this

5. Know what were the economic problems were of the Weimar Republic.

Germany was not allowed an air force, could only have 100,000 men, No submarines and they had to pay reparations to France and Britain. This brought Germany into a state of economic turmoil. When Germany no longer had enough money to pay reparations, French troops marched into Germany and occupied their most important coal mine. Germany was forced to borrow money from the United States to keep paying its debt so it would not face French invasion. But the money that was borrowed form the United States had to be payed back, with interest

War reparations leading to the invasion of the Ruhr valley by the French in 1923, the hyper-inflation of 1923 and the high unemployment during the Great World Depression after 1929

6. Know which two sources or groups that produced the most effective propaganda against the Weimar Republic.

Stab in the back myth

The left-wing opponents (Marxists/Communists) and the right-wrong opponents (the Nazi Party)

7. Know why the appeal of Hitler and the Nazis increased between 1929

The Nazis appealed to a wide range of people, but especially the 'middling' sort of people, and the party grew rapidly in the years of crisis ... During this time Hitler believed that he could be elected to power

Because Hitler was a gifted speaker and he told many Germans what they wanted to hear

8. Know about Adolf Hitler’s family background: father and mother, siblings and their relationships with Hitler.

Father: Alois Hitler

Mother: Klara Hitler

Brothers: Alois Hitler Jr, Edmund Hitler, Gustav Hitler, Otto Hitler

Spouse: Eva Braun

9. Know the results of Hitler’s applications to the Academy Of Fine Arts Vienna in 1907 and 1908.

He was twice denied admission to the drawing class. He stayed in Vienna, subsisting on his orphan allowance, and tried unsuccessfully to continue his profession as an artist. Soon he had withdrawn into poverty and started selling amateur paintings, mostly watercolours, for meagre sustenance until he left Vienna for Munich in May 1913.

10. Know what happened to Adolf Hitler during WW1.

He went to join the army and he carried his paints with him so that he could paint in his spare time.

11. Know the abbreviations of the different political parties during the periods.

Hitler moved to Munich, Germany in May 1913. He did it just to avoid arrest for evasion of his military service obligation to Habsburg Austria and financed by the last installment of his inheritance from his father. In Munich, he continued to drift, supporting himself on his watercolors and sketches until World War 1 gave his life direction and a cause to which he could commit himself totally.

Felicia: Social Democratic Party of Germany (Hitler) (SPD) and the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), with its sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU) Free Democratic Party (FDP)

12. Know when Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany.

Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933 by President Paul Von Hindenburg.

13. Know Adolf Hitler's title in Nazi germany?

Führer und Reichskanzler (leader and chancellor of the Reich).

14. Know the national German Slogan during the Nazi Regime.

       Ein volk, Ein reich, Ein fuhrer. One people, one empire, one leader

15. Know the BIG 4 under Hitler and their functions in government or military: Heinrich Himmler, Hermann Goering, Martin Bormann, Josef Goebbels.

16. Know about Kristallnacht.

In english is Crystal Night. Or referred to as the Night of Broken Glass.

17. Know about Volksgemeinschaft :

It’s a German-language expression meaning “people’s community”.

18. Know about Hitler’s territorial re-acquisitions in the 1930’s (German lands taken during ToV)

Alsace-Lorraine (given to France)

Eupen and Malmedy (given to Belgium)

Northern Schleswig (given to Denmark)

Hultschin (given to Czechoslovakia)

West Prussia, Posen and Upper Silesia (given to Poland)

19. Know the general terms of The Treaty of Versailles, especially as to limitations of the German military.

german army was reduced to 100,000

20. Know the reasons and issues concerning the hyperinflation of 1923.

In order to pay the large costs of the First World War, Germany suspended the convertibility of its currency into gold when that war broke out. Unlike France, which imposed its first income tax to pay for the war, the German Kaiser and Parliament decided without opposition to fund the war entirely by borrowing.

21. Know how long Hitler envisioned the Third Reich lasting.

1933 - 1945 Which is 12 years

22. Know about the Kapp and Beer Hall Putsch.

The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, Bierkeller Putsch and, in German, as the Hitler Putsch or Hitler-Ludendorff-Putsch, was a failed attempt by the Nai Party leader Adolf Hitler with.

23. Know about the SS.

SS stands for Schutzstaffel. Translated to english meaning Protection Squadron. It is a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party.

24. Know about the Polish Corridor issue and the city of Danzig.

At 12 January, the Paris peace conference opened, resulting in the draft of the ToV 28 June 1919. Articles 27 and 28 of the treaty ruled on the territorial shape of the corridor while articles 89 to 93 ruled on transit, citizenship and property issues. Per the terms of the Versailles treaty, which was put into effect on 20 January 1920, the corridor was established as Poland’s access to the Baltic sea from 70% of the dissolved province of West Prussia.

25. Know about the agreement Hitler had with the Pope on church issues.

The Nazi breaches or disagree with the agreement that began almost as soon as it had been signed, leading to protest from the Church, including in the 1937 Mit brennender Sorge encyclical of Pope Pius 11.

26. Know about the economic recovery programs by the Nazis: SdA, KdF, RAD.

• Kraft durch Freude (KdF, Strength through Joy)
• Schönheit der Arbeit (SdA, Beauty of work)
• Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD, Reich Labour Service)